DHS Shutdown Continues for Over 40 Days Without Resolution
Trump says he'll sign an order to pay all DHS employees as 48-day shutdown drags on; Senate passes partial funding bill but House stalls.
Objective Facts
President Donald Trump said Thursday he will soon sign an order to pay all Department of Homeland Security employees who have gone without paychecks during the record-long partial government shutdown that has reached 48 days. The Senate on Thursday advanced a deal to fund the Department of Homeland Security — including the Transportation Security Administration — taking a step toward ending the shutdown that had disrupted air travel for much of the last month. The legislation passed in a pro forma session — a brief meeting of either congressional chamber where legislative business typically does not take place — as lawmakers are out of town on a two-week recess. The House, which met in its own pro forma session later Thursday morning, did not take up the measure, meaning the partial government shutdown will likely extend through the weekend. The pair presented a two-track approach, with the first step being to pass a bill to fund the department, save for ICE and CBP. The second step would involve funding ICE and CBP through separate spending legislation.
Left-Leaning Perspective
Left-leaning outlets and Democratic leaders frame the shutdown as a Republican failure of governance. Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer of New York blamed House Republicans on Thursday for taking no action on the bipartisan Senate plan during the brief morning session. "The deep division and dysfunction among House Republicans is needlessly extending the DHS shutdown and hurting federal workers who are missing another paycheck," Schumer said. "For days, Republican divisions derailed a bipartisan agreement, making American families pay the price for their dysfunction," Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said in a statement Wednesday. "Throughout this fight, Senate Democrats never wavered. We were clear from the start: fund critical security, protect Americans, and no blank check for reckless ICE and Border Patrol enforcement. We were united, held the line, and refused to let Republican chaos win." Democrats argue they have legitimate concerns about immigration enforcement practices. Democrats, however, have sought to leverage the funding bill as a means of pressing for changes to Trump's immigration policy, particularly in the wake of the killing of two US citizens by federal agents in Minnesota in January. They have called for DHS to make all immigration agents clearly identifiable and for an end to racial profiling in immigration stops. Other demands include safeguards like the consistent use of agent body cameras. On Friday, House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., said, "House Democrats are prepared to support the bill to end the Trump-Republican shutdown of the Department of Homeland Security, make sure TSA agents are paid, stand up for FEMA and for the Coast Guard, for our cyber security professionals, and stop inconveniencing Americans." Democrats frame Republican opposition to reform-linked funding as obstruction. "House Republicans seem to be stuck in an infinite loop of incompetence," said Rep. Brad Schneider, Illinois Democrat. "After announcing a compromise agreement yesterday, the Senate gave House Republicans a second chance today to fund DHS through September. Speaker Johnson squandered it."
Right-Leaning Perspective
Right-leaning outlets and Republican leaders emphasize the two-track plan as a pragmatic, unified solution endorsed by Trump. Just days after labeling the Senate deal to end the record-breaking shutdown at the Department of Homeland Security a "crap sandwich," House Speaker Mike Johnson, R-La., appears ready to swallow it whole. Johnson and Senate Majority Leader John Thune, R-S.D., announced Wednesday they will move forward with the two-track approach senators unanimously backed last Friday. They will pass a bill to fund most of DHS, with the exception of Immigration and Customs Enforcement and parts of Customs and Border Patrol, and then look to approve money for ICE and CBP in a separate reconciliation package. "In following this two-track approach, the Republican Congress will fully reopen the Department, make sure all federal workers are paid, and specifically fund immigration enforcement and border security for the next three years so that those law-enforcement activities can continue uninhibited," Johnson and Thune said in a joint statement. Republican messaging frames Democratic demands as obstruction. The Trump Administration has negotiated in good faith from day one to fully fund DHS and avoid this dangerous shutdown, but instead of working towards a solution, Democrats have responded with a list of unserious, extreme demands that would seek to reinstitute Biden's failed open-border agenda, protect criminal illegal aliens, and put American citizens — and the law enforcement officers who defend them — in danger. Let's be clear: these attempts to defund our federal law enforcement agents and border security are unacceptable to the American people. Instead of working in good faith, Democrats continue pushing dangerous policies that would roll back this Administration's historic progress on border security and law enforcement, putting officers, their families, and the American people in harm's way. However, some far-right Republicans resist the compromise. "Let's make this simple: caving to Democrats and not paying CBP and ICE is agreeing to defund Law Enforcement and leaving our borders wide open again. If that's the vote, I'm a NO," Rep. Scott Perry (R-Pa.), a former Freedom Caucus chair, wrote on the social platform X on Wednesday.
Deep Dive
The DHS shutdown entered its record 48th day as Trump, House Republicans, and Senate Republicans converged on a two-track approach that was itself controversial. The shutdown that began on February 14 originated from federal agents killing two U.S. citizens in Minneapolis as part of a federal immigration surge in January. Democrats used this moment to demand immigration enforcement reforms before fully funding DHS, while Republicans insisted on full funding regardless. The shutdown affected millions of Americans through airport delays, unpaid federal workers, and stalled government services. Trump's move to unilaterally pay DHS workers via executive order on April 2 was significant because it reduced immediate political pressure on Congress to compromise—lawmakers could leave town knowing workers would receive paychecks. However, while the Trump administration is now redirecting funds to pay Transportation Security Administration employees through the shutdown, staff at other DHS components are concerned the move could lessen the pressure on Congress to reach a funding deal. "There's huge concern that this will go on longer now that TSA is being paid and the public will feel less pain," one employee at the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency told Federal News Network. Republicans on the right correctly note that the bill passed by the Senate last Wednesday would finance TSA and other arms of the DHS, but would not provide further funding to ICE or CBP, which already received major windfalls in last year's One Big Beautiful Bill Act, meaning those agencies technically have funds available. Democrats correctly observe that their working relationship experienced a rupture late last week when Johnson — at the urging of many House Republicans — rejected Thune's plan. The top Republicans hope the path ahead will win over skeptical GOP colleagues, but the most conservative lawmakers are likely to seek full funding for all of Trump's immigration and deportation operations. What Republicans omit is that some far-right members resist the compromise and that enforcement of the June 1 reconciliation deadline is uncertain. What Democrats omit is their own role in extending the impasse by refusing any DHS funding without ICE/CBP reforms and their role in leaving town without reaching agreement. The shutdown's continuation depends on three unresolved factors: (1) whether the House will pass the partial Senate bill when it returns April 14, which faces resistance from the GOP's far-right flank; (2) whether the Senate can deliver the reconciliation bill with ICE/CBP funding by Trump's June 1 deadline, which faces parliamentary and political hurdles; and (3) whether Democratic demands for reforms have been permanently shelved or merely deferred, affecting the 2026 midterm narrative. Trump's executive order may paradoxically extend the shutdown by reducing urgency.